Located in the North Western Province, the Yapahuwa Citadel is a historical landmark that holds great significance in the country’s history. This ancient fortress was built in the 13th century by King Buwanekabahu I, who made it his capital city after the fall of Polonnaruwa. The citadel is situated on a massive rock formation, surrounded by lush greenery and offers breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. It is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors from all over the world who are interested in exploring the rich history and culture of Sri Lanka.
History of Yapahuwa Citadel
The Yapahuwa Citadel was built in 1273 AD by King Buwanekabahu I, who was the second king of the Kingdom of Dambadeniya. After the fall of Polonnaruwa, the king moved his capital to Yapahuwa and built the citadel as a symbol of his power and authority. The citadel was designed to be a fortified city, with a palace, temples, and other important structures within its walls. It was also used as a military base to defend against potential invaders.
Architecture and Design
The Yapahuwa Citadel is a masterpiece of ancient Sri Lankan architecture and engineering. The citadel is built on a massive rock formation, which is about 90 meters high. The entrance to the citadel is through a massive stone staircase, which is adorned with intricate carvings and sculptures. The citadel is divided into three main sections – the lower city, the middle city, and the upper city. The lower city was used as a residential area, while the middle city housed important administrative buildings. The upper city was the most fortified area, with the palace and temples located within its walls.
Important Structures within the Citadel
The Yapahuwa Citadel is home to several important structures that hold great historical and cultural significance. The most prominent of these is the palace, which was the residence of the king and his family. The palace is a massive structure with several rooms and courtyards, and it is believed to have been adorned with intricate paintings and decorations. The citadel also houses several temples, including the Tooth Relic Temple, which is believed to have housed a sacred tooth relic of the Buddha. Other important structures within the citadel include the council chamber, the audience hall, and the library.
Interesting Facts about Yapahuwa Citadel
- The Yapahuwa Citadel is believed to have been built in just seven months, which is a remarkable feat considering the complexity of its design and construction.
- The citadel was abandoned in the 14th century after the death of King Buwanekabahu I, and it fell into ruins over time.
- The citadel was rediscovered in the 19th century by British archaeologist H.C.P. Bell, who conducted extensive excavations and restoration work.
- The Yapahuwa Citadel is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is considered one of the best-preserved ancient fortresses in Sri Lanka.
Conclusion
The Yapahuwa Citadel is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in exploring the rich history and culture of Sri Lanka. This ancient fortress offers a glimpse into the country’s past and is a testament to the architectural and engineering skills of the ancient Sri Lankans. With its stunning location, impressive architecture, and fascinating history, the Yapahuwa Citadel is a must-see attraction for tourists and locals alike.